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Influence of altitude on physiological parameters in snowboardcross athletes
Samková, Eva ; Gryc, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Influence of Altitude on Physiological Parameters in Snowboardcross Athletes Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of altitude and working load on selected physiological parameters (blood lactate concentration, mitochondrial respiration, muscle blood flow and heart rate) in elite snowboardcross riders. Methods: For data collection we used Moxy monitor, Garmin chest belt and EKF Lactate Scout+. The physiological parameters were assessed at two different altitudes and always before and after the sports exercise. The obtained data were then compared and their differences assessed using the statistical method paired t-test, basic statistical and mathematical methods such as mean and standard deviation and percentages were used to express the difference. Results: We found that altitude does not affect mitochondrial respiration or blood flow in lower limb muscles in snowboardcrossers. Furthermore, we found that altitude has an effect on blood lactate concentration and confirmed the so-called lactate paradox. Heart rate was slightly higher after exercise at higher altitude than at lower altitude. Keywords: Oxygen saturation, heart rate, lactate concentration, testing, altitude
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The role of endothelin receptors type A and B in the model of focal cerebral ischemia in immature rats
Vondráková, Kateřina ; Tsenov, Grygoriy (advisor) ; Říčný, Jan (referee)
Hypoxic-ischemic insult is a most common form of perinatal brain damage that threatens a newborn's life and can leads to permanent neurological sequelae. However, detailed aspects of the cerebral ischemia in the immature brain stay unanswered. We decide to use the model of focal cerebral ischemia induced by intrahippocampal endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 12-days-old rats. The knowledge about consequences of ET-1 induced ischemia and the role of endothelin receptors (ETA and ETB) in ischemia-induced consequences in immature brain are poor at present. Agonists and selective antagonists of the ETA and ETB receptors were used to determine the role of these receptors in the development of ischemia, changes in regional blood flow and tissue oxygenation, local changes of biochemical parameters and acute neuronal death. Our results indicates, that activation of the ETA receptors causes a strong decrease of the blood flow, induced related hypoxia and subsequent neuronal degeneration, whereas activation of ETB receptors has likely modulatory role. Moreover, ischemia causes increase of excitatory amino acids concentration, whereas inhibitory amino acid, except taurine, decreased after ischemia. These facts provides new insights in a case of perinatal ischemia. This thesis demonstrates the wide range of different effects of...
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Cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic response during incremental climbing test in elite sport climbers
Zaťková, Alžbeta ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Kodejška, Jan (referee)
Title: Cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic response during incremental climbing test in elite sport climbers. Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic response during incremental climbing test between boulderers and lead climbers. Methods: Five men underwent testing on a climbing ergometer with a submaximal climbing load (6m / min) and an incremental climbing test for the maximum. The cardiorespiratory response was assessed using a metabolic analyzer and tissue saturation of the flexor digitorum profundus by near-infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, climbers underwent an incremental stress test on a running carpet. Results: Climbers with both lead and bouldering reached on climbing ergometer an average of 95 ± 3% of the maximum heart rate measured on the running ergometer. V'O2 ml·min-1 ·kg-1 had lead climbers slightly lower too on the running ergometer, (81 ± 8%, boulders 89.5 ± 0.5), but at the same time they reached a higher inclination (121, 7 ± 4.7 versus 117.5 ± 2.5) and longer duration (462 ± 73, boulder 443.37). We found the difference in the TSI values, too, but it was not larger than 7.2 for which I did not consider these values to be relevant. Conclusions: Deoxygenation and reoxygenation process showed minimal difference between lead climbers and...
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The role of endothelin receptors type A and B in the model of focal cerebral ischemia in immature rats
Vondráková, Kateřina ; Tsenov, Grygoriy (advisor) ; Říčný, Jan (referee)
Hypoxic-ischemic insult is a most common form of perinatal brain damage that threatens a newborn's life and can leads to permanent neurological sequelae. However, detailed aspects of the cerebral ischemia in the immature brain stay unanswered. We decide to use the model of focal cerebral ischemia induced by intrahippocampal endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 12-days-old rats. The knowledge about consequences of ET-1 induced ischemia and the role of endothelin receptors (ETA and ETB) in ischemia-induced consequences in immature brain are poor at present. Agonists and selective antagonists of the ETA and ETB receptors were used to determine the role of these receptors in the development of ischemia, changes in regional blood flow and tissue oxygenation, local changes of biochemical parameters and acute neuronal death. Our results indicates, that activation of the ETA receptors causes a strong decrease of the blood flow, induced related hypoxia and subsequent neuronal degeneration, whereas activation of ETB receptors has likely modulatory role. Moreover, ischemia causes increase of excitatory amino acids concentration, whereas inhibitory amino acid, except taurine, decreased after ischemia. These facts provides new insights in a case of perinatal ischemia. This thesis demonstrates the wide range of different effects of...
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